James t



" 'JAMES fr. OL-INGER, oF--AUBURMVIRGINIA .IMPRQVMENTj'N SMITHsf'B'ELLOwS, @w3

Specification formingpart of Letters Patent No. 173,235, dated February 8, 1876; applicationiled `3 l yAugust 9, 4875.

To all whom it may concern: L

hereby declare :that the followingisa full, clear,

and exact description thcreof,.which will enable others skilled in ther-art to which it pertains to make and "use the saine, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, and toI the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention consists 1in a bellows for smiths7 forges and similar'uses, designed to be operated either by hand-power or'machinery, and so constructedy and arranged as tobe capable of supplying .a steady blast of air ofany required degree' of, force to one or more lires,

of bursting.

A more particular description of my invention is as follows In the drawing, Figure 1 represents a yiew in perspective of my improved bellows; Fig. 2, an uprightlongitudinal section of the same,

and at the same time be free from all danger showing its interior arrangement; and like letters of reference designate similar parts in each. l

A represents the bellows proper, the bottom A1 of which is formed of the door of the frame B, upon whichA itl rests. A2 represents the diaphragm of the bellows, which is constructed of the two leaves or sections a a,

hinged at their outer ends to the frame B at any proper distance above the bottom A1 to give the requisite depth, thus forming the outer ends of the bellows, their inner ends being joined to each other by means of a strip of some liexible substance, such as leather or rubber, of a suiicient width to allow of a proper expansion ofthe bellows when inflated.

` This diaphragm is united to the bottom A1 .by

means of sides, composed of leather or other suitable material, the same as in the case of an ordinary bellows.

A3 shows a spring-valve placed in the diaphragm A2, designed to open when the air within has attained to a certain pressure, and thus prevent the bursting of the bellows by sired.

The frame B, whichv supports and'fornisfa part of myimproved'bellows, consists ofthe ends l-Bl B1, which are `so constructed as .to leave a space, b, for the passage of air between the outer and inner surface of each, thcbed cross-pieces B3, the whole so joined together as to render the frame-capable of sustaining the machinery and strain necessary tothe operation of the bellows. The frame maybe 'made either movable or stationary, and out of any suitable' materia-l, and the formof its construction may be varied, according to its intended location or the fancy of the builder. I prefer to construct it of wood, and as shown in the drawing, as' the cheaper and simpler method. The width of the frame may correspond with the width of the bellows, and the air-passages b b with the openings in the outer ends of the bellows A; or, if desired, the double ends B1 B1 may be' dispensed with altogether, the outer ends of ythe bellows being closed, and pipes substituted to convey the air into it from the cylinders.

O C are cylinders resting upon the frame B above the bellows A, placedparallel and opposite to each other. They are supplied with spring-valves C1 Gl, covering. the openings by means of which the air passesinto the passages b b, and thence into thebellows A. C2 is a double-headed piston, also supplied with valves cc, working in the cylinders C C with a reciprocating motion, communicated to it by UNITED STATES 'PATENT DFF A lor bottom A1, the upright pieces'Bz, andthe l means ofthe bar C3,- and the attachment G4 to .the center of the crank-shaft C5. -D is a' lever, made fast to the frame at one end, and attached near the center to the outer end of the crank-shaft C5 by the rod d, and by means o`f the depression and elevation of which the machinery is set in motion.

When any other than 'hand-'power is used" to work the bellows, the. connection may be made with any of the appropriate and well known mechanical attachments. i

.E is a balance-wheel fixed upon the shaft C5 to carry the crank past the center, and also communicate additional force by its impetus to aid in driving it.

By a simple piece of mechanism, Well known among machinists, the balance-Wheel may be so arranged as to be instantly thrown loose upon the shaft at the will of the operator, and thus immediately stop further inflation of the bellows until desired.'

F is a tuyere, which may be placed at either end ofthebellows and duplicated as often as is desirable, through which the air is driven into the forge; and by `placing the tuyere at the end of a pipe, the air may be conducted to a.

forge placed at any reasonable distance from the bellows. y l,

The mode of operation of my bellows is obvious. Upon setting the machinery in motion by means of the lever D or its mechanical equivalent, the piston G2 moves in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 2, forcing open the valve in front, while the corresponding one at the opposite end is closed by its spring, thus driving the air into the passage b, `whence it finds its way into the bellows A. 0n return of the piston the position of the valves is reversed, the air entering the bellows at the op posite end. y

I am aware that the application of a cylinder and piston to the supplying of a smiths or other bellows with air has been before made, and therefore I do not claim it as new; but

What I do claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A bellows consisting of` the bed A1, th

double-hinged diaphragm'Acomposed ofthe leaves a a, the safety-valve A3, the springs A, the air-passages b b, the cylinders G C, supplied with the valves G1 G1, the double-headed reciprocating piston CZ, supplied with the valves c c, and driven by the attachments O3 

